What is Interoception?
What is Interoception ?
Interoception is known as the 8th sensory system. It helps us to tune into our inner body signals to determine how we might be feeling. These signals may vary in intensity and are experienced differently by everyone.
There are 3 different ways children may interpret their interoception and body signals:
• They may notice most body signals
• They may notice not all but some body signals
• They may notice body signals but interpret them inaccurately eg: a small signal feels intense
Children need further support to help them tune into these body signals and how to recognise what it is telling them. This can be difficult for some children as they may not have developed language around body awareness, emotions, feelings and describing how something feels.
Some examples of interoception difficulties experienced in children we see at the clinic include:
• Children who report they have butterflies in their tummies but mistake this for hunger
• Children who may be anxious and hold off going to the toilet until the very last minute, sometimes having accidents
• Children who may have a significant ear infection or broken bone but don’t notice or report any pain
The OT’s role is to individualise and navigate how the child’s sensory system interprets different interoception experiences.
This is particularly important when supporting children who experience BIG emotions eg: anger, anxiety and overwhelm. We can support children to develop their ability to pinpoint these signals before they take over and effectively develop their self-regulation skills.
Sensory strategies and interoception activities work together as long and short term strategies that children can use for self- regulation and overall improved interoceptive awareness. It is important these strategies are repeated and implemented into different environments eg: home, school, swimming, horse riding to be meaningful longer term.
We can support children in understanding their interoception by providing visual supports, written information, as well as hands on experiences eg: activities including how muscles can feel relaxed or under pressure. Adapting to the child’s learning style will support their understanding and development of their interoceptive awareness.
The main outcomes are that:
• Children can tune into their body signals before it takes control
• Children are able to regulate using effective tools to remain calm or at a state that allows them to continue to participate in daily tasks eg: therapy, swimming, school.
• Children can use their interoception strategies to help get them through their day.
If you think your child may benefit from learning more about their interoception and sensory systems, we encourage you to speak with your OT who can make individualised goals and strategies with your child.
Amy de Natris
Occupational Therapist